It can be removed by proper cleaning of forged surface.ĭie shift is caused by misalignment of upper die and lower die. It is irregular deputations on the surface of forging. This defect generally associated with forging in open environment. Scale pits are due to improper cleaning of forged surface.

The fillet radius of the die should be increase to remove these defects. It is also due to sharp corner, and excessive chilling in forging product. These defects occur due to improper design of forging die. This defect can be removed by proper die design, proper availability of raw material and proper heating.Ĭold shut includes small cracks at corners.

This is also due to less raw material or poor heating. This is due to poor design of die or poor forging technic. The goal here is to acquaint the reader with these various defects, with how they can affect forging performance, and how to eliminate them with future forging production.Īs the name implies in this type of defect some of the forging section remain unfilled. The following listed information is about common and not so common defects of steel forgings that come from the actual closed die forging operations or from post forging operations typical of many forge plants. In other words, there may be imperfections that are not classified as true “defects” because they are smaller than allowances in the applicable specifications. There are many imperfections that can be considered as being defects, ranging from those traceable to the starting materials to those caused by closed die forging process or by post forging operations.ĭefects can be defined as imperfections that exceed certain limits. Steel forging defects are not widely discussed because of a natural reluctance by forging company to draw attention to them.

Forging die design handbook pdf